India must aim higher: cost optimization must not define the country’s tryst with artificial intelligence
There is also no ecosystem effect for the importer. In complex systems, one capability seeds another. A country with foundation model labs develops a downstream pipeline of fine-tuning specialists, evaluation researchers, agent infrastructure firms, safety teams and inference optimisation startups, because each of these depends on engineers close to the actual work. If we strip out the foundation, the chain does not even begin to form. We end up with the integration layer alone, forever a customer.
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